println ( millis () ); } Each time through the loop, this program will print the current value of the millis function. If you don’t, the result of the subtraction will become negative if given the right input. As of Arduino 0018, delayMicroseconds() no. :The delay () function will make the Arduino stop until your specified interval has expired. 今回はArduinoの速さについてです。目次は以下。 delay()じゃ遅すぎる tone()関数で周波数を測定 delaymicroseconds()関数の場合 まとめ delay()じゃ遅すぎる 手軽で使えるマイコン、Arduino。私も互換ボードを一枚持っております。 ELEGOO Arduino用 Nanoボード V3. Using Arduino Programming Questions. This could change in future Arduino releases. The High Resolution Timer (ESP Timer) provided by FreeRTOS uses a 64 bit hardware timer. Hello, I am trying the run stepper motor with the tmc2208 driver and ı want to delay in microseconds like 5uS or 10 uS. 967295 seconds. 아두이노 0018 현재, delayMicroseconds() 는 더이상 인터럽트를 비활성화 하지 않는다. 71 days [4,294,967,295/. doesn't work with delays <1 ms. arduino : delaymicroseconds() 2. 1 or // 2 microseconds) gives delays longer than desired. system October 10, 2007, 12:28am 1. Graphs: [Attached. Good day, i recently bought an UNO so i can learn some arduino programming. Pauses the program for the amount of time (in microseconds) specified as parameter. cpp 📋 Copy to clipboard ⇓ Download. The time it takes to execute an instruction depends on the type of Arduino board because different boards have different frequencies. delayMicroseconds() Description. Syntax – delay (ms) delay function takes only one argument, Which will be the amount of time we have to pause the code. Typically global variables are used to pass data between an ISR and the main program. Also keep in mind that the Arduino digitalWrite function is rather slow (it has to map the Arduino pin numbers to PORT/pin), so in your case it would be better to write to the PORT/pin directly. Currently, the largest value that will produce an accurate delay is 16383. Have the interrupt call a function to delayMicroseconds(8 (or whatever duration)) (don't use delay inside of interrupts, it doesn't work; call a function instead). ) Casting that result to an unsigned long doesn't get you 60000 back. Also delayMicroseconds() is a possibility. 2 Answers. Then in the loop we’re going to use the Serial. When flashing the same code on an ATtiny85 with 1 MHz the us-delay is factor 8 too long. Share. To get 1 second delay, you need 1000000 cycles of 1us, so it means that you have to create an algorithm. soudrug wrote: Hi, I'm trying to read data from RHT03 sensor (using bcm2835 library) and it requires microseconds timing. Currently, the largest value that will produce an accurate delay is 16383; larger values can produce an extremely short delay. @16Mhz, there are 16 instructions per microsecond. Description Pauses the program for the amount of time (in microseconds) specified as parameter. Now, the ESP32 is flashed with the new firmware. Rerouter. Read part 1. So, since (by reading the link) we also. While refference page for delayMicroseconds states "the largest value that will produce an accurate delay is 16383", I found that any value over 1950 gives VERY inaccurate results. For delays longer than a few thousand microseconds, you should use delay() instead. First divide by 1000 for the seconds, then by 60 for the minutes then by 60 for the hours then by 24 for the days = ~ 49. The same technique can be used with micros(). You can use delayMicroseconds, or preferably not use delay at all. One is using the not so recommended delay() function and the other way is using millis(). how can i re write this in millis so that its non-blocking i did the top part but i dont know what to do with the delaymicroseconds? unsigned long WaterWait = 4000; unsigned long Waterdelay =0; int trig = 12; int echo. esp_timer set of APIs provides one-shot and periodic timers, microsecond time resolution, and 64-bit range. 7 hours = 1000 * 60 * 60 * 7 = 25,200,000. I’m thinking similar to the Arduino delayMicroseconds() function. Dynamic tasks activation and deactivation. 2 - LEDs, I used one red and one green. First; the optiboot loader should have a corresponding target with the below deviation: arduino-1. I chose the ESP32 because of its 240MHz clock, but it still seems to be having trouble. begin (9600); } void loop () { Serial. 6 version, not when using alpha1 or latest master version of the core. Instead, set a flag and put the loop in the Arduino sketch’s loop()-method. delay 가 몇 천 마이크로 초 보다 길면, 대신 delay () 를. Before we overflow (about 71 minutes and. Certain things do go on while the delay () function is controlling the Atmega chip, however, because the delay function does not disable interrupts. It would be good to have a version that works by actually allowing the scheduler to switch to other tasks on fast processors, and. inotplayingrn: duration = pulseIn (echoPin, HIGH); Please READ the documentation on the pulseLn () function call. This could change in future Arduino releases. 1000us는 1ms (밀리세컨드: millisecond)이며, 1000000 (백만)us는 1초입니다. Feb 21, 2016 at 19:39. , . This number overflows i. Since these are milliseconds, the maximum delay () would be 4,294,967. delayMicroseconds() you can provide a number of microseconds to sleep. Anmerkungen und Warnungen. Serial communication that appears. The delayMicroseconds () function will provide accurate delays as may be needed for some types of applications (e. Arduino에서 delayMicroseconds () 함수를 사용하여 마이크로초 단위로 지연을 추가할 수 있습니다. A partir da versão Arduino 0018, delayMicroseconds () não mais desativa interrupções. delayMicroseconds (us) : the number of microseconds to pause. I tried this sample code but the 50us pulse shifted left and right in the oscilloscope. We cannot assure that delayMicroseconds will perform precisely for smaller delay-times. Connect the Trig pin to digital pin 9 on the Arduino. [Interrupts written in C code in the Arduino system are not reentrant (capable of correctly handling multiple overlapping executions within the same handler) but one could write a reentrant assembly language handler that. Và cứ mỗi 1000000 micro giây = 1 giây. 10:50:30. The board is an Arduino Mega 2560 Rev3. delayMicroseconds () incorrect. Arduino cuenta con un conjunto básico de funciones para el manejo de tiempo, y estas son: millis, micros, delay y delayMicroseconds. This function works very accurately in the range 3 microseconds and up. To generate three independent 20 KHz PWM signals with different duty cycles on an Arduino Due, you can use the built-in hardware PWM support. So, I've noticed that when ever I have a situation such that: delayMicroseconds(0), the actual delay turns out to be 16383µs. The delay function seems to be based on system ticks so that the delay time can be used for other tasks. Brushless dc motor control with Arduino code: Arduino pins 9, 10 and 11 can generate PWM signals where pin 9 and pin 10 are related to Timer1 module (OC1A and OC1B) and pin 11 is related to Timer2 module (OC2A). On the boards from the Arduino Portenta family this function has a resolution of one microsecond on all cores. You can call micros () to find the elapsed time to microsecond resolution. Pauses the program for the amount of time (in microseconds) specified as parameter. I just started using Arduino and so far I've used both delay () and delayMicroseconds (). delayMicroseconds() works in arduino. All without using the delayMicroseconds() function. These might take too long to complete, which will delay all other interrupts and code execution. 1 hour = 60 minutes. Using Arduino Programming Questions. Currently, the largest value that can produce an accurate delay is 16383. digitalWrite (2, 1); pause (0. This number will overflow (go back to zero), after approximately 70 minutes. Duemilanove and Nano. The arduino-esp32 core achieves this using the following code for the delayMicroseconds() func. delayMicroseconds will pause from one microsecond to around 16 milliseconds, but for delays longer than a few. We are delaying here to make sure, that the HC. For delays longer than a few thousand microseconds, you should use delay () instead. It doesn't use timer0 like the AVR Arduinos, so you won't mess up these functions by using any of the timers. Anmerkungen und Warnungen. Serial communication that appears. Connect the VCC pin of the HC-SR04 to the 5V output on the Arduino. I would like to toggle an output pin in the order of microseconds so use the function delayMicroseconds. All good so far, using the delay command I can read frequencies up to 494 Hz, with the delay 1 microseconds. For delays longer than a few thousand. Choose the board, COM port, hold down the BOOT button, click upload and keep your finger on the BOOT button pressed. Take the number of minutes, multiply it by 60 to get the number of seconds, and then multiply it by 1000 to get the number of milliseconds. As we want the delay of 1 microsecond, the timer frequency must be (1/ (1 us)), i. h). Description. A non blocking delay. Servos have integrated gears and a shaft that can be precisely controlled. For delays longer than a few thousand microseconds, you should use. range e. Re: ATTiny 85 timers,whats the best. Certain things do go on while the delay () function is controlling the Atmega chip, however, because the delay function does not disable interrupts. For this application delayMicroseconds() works quite well as it can make steps of (approx) 1 uSec. Não é possível assegurar que delayMicroseconds () irá funcionar corretamente para valores menores. 非常に小さい遅延時間に対しては、delayMicroseconds()の精度は保障できない。大きい遅延時間を指定すると、実際には極端に短い遅延を生成するかもしれない。 Arduino 0018以降から、delayMicroseconds()は割り込み禁止にしない。 参照 オリジナル. Hello everyone: I have a problem and need to generate a delay of 12. For 50% you could enter the 512 directly. Duemilanove und Nano) hat diese Funktion eine Auflösung von vier Mikrosekunden (d. Continuous rotation servos allow the rotation of the shaft to be set to various speeds. It always returns ZERO when the time-out. This number will overflow (go back to zero), after approximately 70 minutes. 5%. The delay () function allows you to pause the execution of your Arduino program for a specified period. For the inverter ill be using 3 PMOS and 3. The way the Arduino delay() function works is pretty straight forward. heavy-lifting in the loop () routine. This may change in future Arduino. A partir da versão Arduino 0018, delayMicroseconds () não mais desativa interrupções. The micros () function returns the number of microseconds from the time, the Arduino board begins running the current program. On 16 MHz Arduino boards (e. delay (x) will delay for x number of milliseconds. Software library: non, sending HIGH and LOW in between delayMicroseconds (100) ISR: not using interrupts, not using Serial. Improve this answer. Currently, the largest value that will produce an accurate delay is 16383. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. It is likely that the number being passed to 'delay' is being interpreted as an int. Yes, delay (8000); in your void timeDelay () {. delay ()함수의 매개변수는 ms로 1/1,000 초였죠. You also should not use loops in an ISR. delay function does not return any. txt files . 001); a. delayMicroseconds()As a part of my project I need to generate 10 microseconds pulses with 10 milliseconds intervals. *; import processing. The timer setup is documented in wiring. I've seen arduino only accepts delayMicroseconds( a ), where a is an integer and a>=1. The delay () function uses the milliseconds interrupt. Currently, the largest value that will produce an accurate delay is 16383. You could hand-code the delay. Aprender a usarlas cor. 지연을 추가하지 않고 숫자를 직접 인쇄하면 숫자가 너무 빨리 인쇄되어. Diese Funktion arbeitet im Bereich von 3 Mikrosekunden und mehr sehr genau. Hi all, I'm a new member. I need simultaneously readings from multiple potentiometers. </p> </div> <div dir="auto"> <p dir="auto">Currently, the largest value that. Wir können nicht garantieren, dass delayMicroseconds () genau für kürzere Verzögerungszeiten funktionieren. So is there a way I can implement a delay of 1us without using these functions? Thanks in advance 🙂 The Arduino Mega would give me the required functionality using either the delay() or the delayMicroseconds() function for delays between 3000 microseconds to 600 microseconds. Viewed 4k times. You will need: Arduino. I need something “delayMicroseconds( delay )” in Arduino. delay function does not return any values. I believe that the Arduino Zero core uses the Systick counter for millis (), micros (), delay () and delayMicroseconds (), so all the counters: TC3, TC4, TC5, TCC0, TCC1 and TCC2 are initially free to use. Decreasing the delay time is straightforward, just lower the delayMicroseconds and the stepper motor will have an increased step rate. 5%. e. This function works very accurately in the range 3 microseconds and up. It is possible that. Recent versions of the Arduino IDE/Core for AVR do Link Time Optimization, which means that calls to delayMicroseconds() where the argument is constant are likely to be optimized to the point where they become significantly inaccurate fo. 4294967295ms (2^32-1) or 49 days, after which the timer will catch up to the value of startMillis. MartinL October 22, 2015, 8:47am 2. 4,294,967,295 / 1,000,000 = 4294. delay (5) = 100 Hz at flow computer. You just have to compile and upload the following code to your Arduino board and start the timeline according to your requirements. Arduino Relay Timer Program Code. There are a thousand microseconds in a millisecond and a million microseconds in a second. So I changed delayMicroseconds(100) to delayMicroseconds(1000) which should. I discovered this experimenting with a sound synthesis program with a variable for the. On 16 MHz Arduino boards (e. . So you would need 8 dummy instructions to delay half a microsecond. Viewed 2k times. But I'm wondering, is it worth doing the same thing for (for exemple) delayMicroseconds( 1500 ), or even delayMicroseconds( 2 ) ? That depends on how often delayMicroseconds() is used, and what impact the delay has on your code. 매개변수에 지정된 시간 (마이크로 초)동안 프로그램을 멈춘다. I need to get rid off delays cuz the readings can't be late. the value returned is always a multiple of four). 5th Sept 2019 update: Removing delay() calls is the first step to achieving simple multi-tasking on. I read other answers before asking this question, but they rely on the time module, which prior to Python 3. Currently, the largest value that will produce an accurate delay is 16383. For delays longer than a few thousand. Still, interrupts (e. void setup () { Serial. I've tried using other available libraries but they require inputs of 2 or 4 pin connections when I am using 3. The delay () function does not accept float values and therefore is always rounding to 1 or 0, forcing my piezo buzzer to only play one note regardless of the inputted frequency and duration. pwm () code takes a 0-1023 value. I was wondering what the difference between these two is, because it seems to me that they're the same. Even a simple loop causes it to crash: ELF file SHA256: 0000000000000000 Backtrace: 0x4008860c:0x3ffbf8f0 0x40088889:0x3ffbf910 0x401300bc. The code is working perfectly with one lamp/pot. The datasheet of this chip says that the width of pulse on WE pin to write onto the. What are other options for creating the pause between digital High / Low being. The prototype modules of spectrometers were driven by an Arduino controller. The Arduino core uses hardware Timer0 with its ISR (Interrupt Service Routine) for timekeeping. 024 milliseconds, then incrementing by 2 (rather than 1) every 41 or 42 ticks, to pull it back into synch; thus some millis () values are skipped. There are a thousand microseconds in a millisecond, and a million microseconds in a second. If I compare with the pic 16lf1455 I used. Pauses the program for the amount of time (in microseconds) specified as parameter. (Like measuring the travel time of radio waves in air). Arduino measures time in millis() and delay() and in milliseconds, so to convert counts of time in seconds to milliseconds would be 1000x. 2. Certain things do go on while the delay () function is controlling the Atmega chip however, because the delay function does not disable interrupts. example of code I'm using. g. There are a thousand microseconds in a millisecond, and a million microseconds in a second. The default timeout settings are available from the WIRE_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT and WIRE_DEFAULT_RESET_WITH_TIMEOUT macro. 1밀리초는 1000 마이크로 초, 1초는 100만 마이크로 초. The Time1. You need ten bits to transfer one byte, println() adds two more chars to the output stream. void loop () { callTask_1 (); // do something callTask_2 (); // do something else callTask_1 (); // check the. Pauses the program for the amount of time (in microseconds) specified as parameter. Assumes a 8 or 16 MHz clock. I use two OLIMEXINO 85 to implement a 2 channel remote control and control 2 digital servos. Using Arduino Programming Questions. serial. 2. The Uno's clock is a ceramic oscillator, with an accuracy on the order of +/- 0. This could change in future Arduino releases. functions. Diese Funktion arbeitet im Bereich von 3 Mikrosekunden und mehr sehr genau. The content is modified based on Official Arduino References. Pauses the program for the amount of time (in microseconds) specified as parameter. import cc. Which can be used to create a time base for various events in your applications (like LED blinking, short pulse generation, or whatever). The drawback you get when using micros () is that the time variable overflows. Serial communication that appears. Guide Home. 5 The code for delayMicroseconds has a comment saying that it is close to 1us when called with an argument of 1. Duemilanove and Nano), this function has a resolution of four microseconds (i. To make sure variables shared between an ISR and the main program are updated correctly, declare them as volatile . As soon as you need to do a few things at the same time, you. Closed. Share. 遅延を追加せずに数値を直接印刷すると、マイクロコントローラーが. If not, just use millis (). (or Lo and back Hi) Usual fast way is Direct Port Manipulation (vs digitalWrite. println (println = print line) function to print the value of millis. We are delaying here to make sure, that the HC. the value returned is always a. This could change in future Arduino releases. 23 kHz on pin D9. For delays longer than a few thousand microseconds, you should use delay () instead. Diese Funktion arbeitet im Bereich von 3 Mikrosekunden und mehr sehr genau. This number will overflow (go back to zero), after approximately 70 minutes. When the IDE opens, notice that it automatically opens the "Timer2_Counter. Returns the number of microseconds since the Arduino board began running the current program. That is also how esp-idf's own usleep() works. Just like delay() has a microsecond-version called delayMicroseconds(), millis() has micros(). On 16 MHz Arduino boards (e. Duemilanove and Nano. timer overflow, serial, others) may execute before the delayMicroseconds function returns and thus upset precise timing. 1 minute = 60 seconds. A partir da versão Arduino 0018, delayMicroseconds () não mais desativa interrupções. 125); does exactly what it says. do the other actions. With delay(), you can wait up to 429497295 ms, or about 49. This discussion on sub-microsecond ESP timing seems well worth reading FYI. When the Arduino IDE starts sending the code, you can release the button and wait for the flashing process to be completed. Forum 2005-2010 (read only) Software Bugs & Suggestions. Arduino Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for developers of open-source hardware and software that is compatible with Arduino. If you need to be more precise you may have to use the delayMicroseconds() function. serial. delayMicroseconds có nhiệm vụ dừng chương trình trong thời gian micro giây. Note that, there are a few cycles between the delays, so as you get shorter timeperiods, you will get less and less accuracy. 0. So, if you don't compile your sketch specifying the correct board (but I have compiled it for the right board , the tiny85 running at 1Mhz or I have the option of choozing 8 Mhz both of which have the correct board. However Delaymicroseconds() does not use the time interrupt As you may know once an interrupt is called it stops all other interrupts So the real. Arduino millis () Function. The maximum value of an unsigned long variable can be 2 32 – 1 or 4,294,967,295. More knowledgeable programmers usually avoid the use of delay () for timing of events longer than 10’s of milliseconds unless the Arduino sketch is very simple. 3. On standard servos a parameter value of 1000 is fully counter-clockwise, 2000 is fully clockwise, and 1500 is in the middle. The Arduino millis () is a timer-based function that returns to you the time elapsed (in milliseconds) since the Arduino board was powered up. The inverse of that. However, be aware that micros. While these functions are easy, your program can not do other work during the delay. Both A(device 1) and B(device 2) are responsible for measuring a time delay accurately using a local clock. It works with the ( (float) (dutyCycle / 100) * 1023) when duty cycle is an integer because of the cast to float makes. I encountered the following problem when using it: if I use a value such as delay_us(20), it doesn't work! Driving a pin (from high to low and vice. } blocks the loop. This means that, by the time the function returns, startMicros will be very close to the current time. การหน่วงเวลาในโปรแกรม Arduino IDE จะมีด้วยกัน 2 ฟังก์ชัน คือ delay() และ delayMicroseconds() และสามารถใช้งานได้ดังนี้Programadores mais habilidosos usualmente evitam o uso da função delay () para timing de eventos mais longos que dezenas de milissegundos, a menos que o sketch Arduino seja muito simples. For short delays (up to a few 100us only) you can call delayMicroseconds (). This would mean the delay is limited to a max of 32,767. the value returned is always a. How do I get millisecond and microsecond-resolution timestamps in Python? I'd also like the Arduino-like delay() (which delays in milliseconds) and delayMicroseconds() functions. (The biggest number you can represent as a 16-bit signed integer is 32767. I would want a Timer Interrupt for the task you describe. 5nS, +/- interrupts/overhead/etc) or set up a timer to count exact clock cycles, and then convert to your preferred units at the user interface level. int outPin = 8; // digital pin 8. 1. So far i have all these tasks running that read different sensors and so on. TWO - a blocking delay, but one that does NOT use timers (timer0, timer1, or timer2) and is able to work with libraries which have a lot of timing issues or which corrupt millis() or timer0 counts. At this stage, you should see new examples appear under the file menu, and the following code should compile. This function works very accurately in the range 3 microseconds and up. cpp file and seen that the bug is probably called :frowning: The bug is explained here: Hi all, Being aware of the following bug with micros() function in ESP32 arduino, I have jumped into the FOCutils. micros () seems to run at the correct rate. For delays longer than a few thousand microseconds, you should use delay() instead. The Arduino programming language Reference, organized into Functions, Variable and Constant, and Structure keywords. ザ・ delayMicroseconds () 関数は単一の整数（または数値）引数を受け入れます。. Assume in an ISR you handle the incoming bytes from a UART. The digitalWrite () function takes a substantial portion of your 20. The delayMicroseconds() function accepts a single integer (or number) argument. startMicros = currentMicros; } Since there is nothing that can block it, it will always execute very fast. goes back to zero after approximately 70 minutes. A digital servo needs a pulse of 1. do the computation yourself. By vilaskafre - Thu Jul 16, 2020 6:00 am - Thu Jul 16, 2020 6:00 am #217174. void setup () {. More knowledgeable programmers usually avoid the use of delay () for timing of events longer than 10’s of milliseconds unless the Arduino sketch is very simple. Currently, the largest value that will produce an accurate delay is 16383. 2. Essa função funciona bastante precisamente para valores maiores que 3 microssegundos. I am using a scope to see what is happening. Plenz September 19, 2015, 9:45am 1. pinMode (outPin, OUTPUT); // sets the digital pin as output. delayMicroseconds () delayMicroseconds ()関数はパラメータとして指定された時間分だけプログラムを一時停止します。. You can use delayMicroseconds, or preferably not use delay at all. 024 milliseconds, then incrementing by 2 (rather than 1) every 41 or 42 ticks, to pull it back into synch; thus some millis () values are skipped. The following program demonstrates the problem. We added a 1000 microseconds delay in the above code. 10:50:30. The ESP32 SoCs contains from 2 to 4 hardware timers. Bug in delayMicroseconds () #5000. I hope you can help me. Attach the GND pin of the HC-SR04 to one of the GND pins on the Arduino. delayMicroseconds (0) Forum 2005-2010 (read only) Software Bugs & Suggestions. These simple Arduino delay functions just wait a fixed amount of time. การหน่วงเวลา. Thats my calculation: At 57. A partir da versão Arduino 0018, delayMicroseconds () não mais desativa interrupções. import cc. delayMicroseconds () is a cycle-counting loop, so it doesn't include any time taken by background functions like interrupts. print () function will also make the Arduino stop until the entire message has been printed to the serial monitor at the slow communication speeds of the serial interface. Note that some manufactures do not follow this. delayMicroseconds () deaktiviert ab Arduino 0018 keine Interrupts mehr. When you call delay, it keeps the timer running sending pulses during the wait. Currently, the largest value that will produce an accurate delay is 16383. Currently, the largest value that will produce an accurate delay is 16383. Description. There are a thousand. I'd like to see the code, please, of an analog reading taking 100us and the code used to measure the time of the ADC reading. _delay_us (1. This could change in future Arduino releases. This function is used to configure the timer. The drawback you get when using micros () is that the time variable overflows. delay (5000) - means delay of 5 sec. Hello everyone, I am having an issue here regarding delays and float values. It would have caused much less trouble if they had defined millis() and delay() to use signed integers. Essa função funciona bastante precisamente para valores maiores que 3 microssegundos. Hi everyone! I want to implement a timing delay of 1us in my program. The standalone would give me the required functionality using the delay() function for delays between 3 milliseconds and 1 millisecond. From delayMicroseconds() - Arduino Reference. The values will be in milliseconds. gooberpat August 9, 2022, 8:48pm 1. It works on processor cycles. Cú pháp delayMicroseconds(micro); Thông số. 0 License. 967295 seconds. More knowledgeable programmers usually avoid the use of delay () for timing of events longer than 10’s of milliseconds unless the Arduino sketch is very simple. Description of the millis () function. We need to provide the HC-SR04 with a fitting trigger signal. example of code I'm using. delay (1) = 494 Hz at flow computer. There are a thousand microseconds in a millisecond, and a million microseconds in a second. I am using the ATMega328P at 11. This could change in future Arduino releases. Arduino の delayMicroseconds () 関数を使用して、マイクロ秒単位で遅延を追加できます。. cpp file. This tutorial is a simple sketch and circuit to show how this is done. There are a thousand microseconds in a millisecond and a million microseconds in a second. To calculate a delay, you need to calculate the cycle time and then count how may cycles you need to reach the wanted delay. Pauses the program for the amount of time (in microseconds) specified as parameter. So we can count up to 49. Signal “high”-time has to be between 100 ns and 10000 ns. 5. 현재, 정확한 delay를 만드는 가장 큰 값은 16383.